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Fredsoperasjoner på godt og vondt

Fredsoperasjoners positive effekter

Beardsley, K. (2011). Peacekeeping and the Contagion of Armed Conflict. The Journal of Politics, 73(4), 1051–1064. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022381611000764

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Beardsley, K., Cunningham, D. E., & White, P. B. (2018). Mediation, Peacekeeping, and the Severity of Civil War. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 63(7), 1682-1709. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002718817092

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Beardsley, K., & Gleditsch, K. S. (2015). Peacekeeping as Conflict Containment. International Studies Review, 17(1), 67–89. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24758379

​Clayton, G., & Dorussen, H. (2021). The effectiveness of mediation and peacekeeping for ending conflict. Journal of Peace Research, 59(2), 150-165. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343321990076

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DeRouen, K., & Chowdhury, I. (2016). Mediation, Peacekeeping And Civil War Peace Agreements. Defence and Peace Economics, 29(2), 130–146. https://doi.org/10.1080/10242694.2016.1173439

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Duursma, A. (2022). Peacekeeping, Mediation, and the Conclusion of Local Ceasefires in Non-State Conflicts. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 67(7-8), 1405-1429. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220027221148132 

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Fortna, V. P. (2004). Does Peacekeeping Keep Peace? International Intervention and the Duration of Peace after Civil War. International Studies Quarterly, 48(2), 269–292. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3693574

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Gilligan, M. J., & Sergenti, E. J. (2008). Do UN interventions cause peace? Using matching to improve causal inference. Quarterly Journal of Political Science, 3(2), 89–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/100.00007051

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Hultman, L., Kathman, J., & Shannon, M. (2014). Beyond Keeping Peace: United Nations Effectiveness in the Midst of Fighting. The American Political Science Review, 108(4), 737–753. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44154190

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Melander, E. (2009). Selected To Go Where Murderers Lurk? The Preventive Effect of Peacekeeping on Mass Killings of Civilians. Conflict Management and Peace Science, 26(4), 389-406. https://doi.org/10.1177/0738894209106482 

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Phayal, A., & Prins, B. C. (2019). Deploying to Protect: The Effect of Military Peacekeeping Deployments on Violence Against Civilians. International Peacekeeping, 27(2), 311–336. https://doi.org/10.1080/13533312.2019.1660166

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Walter, B. F., Howard, L. M., & Fortna, V. P. (29. november 2021). The Astonishing Success of Peacekeeping. Hentet fra Foreign Affairs: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/world/2021-11-29/astonishing-success-peacekeeping

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Walter, B. F., Howard, L. M., & Fortna, V. P. (2021). The Extraordinary Relationship between Peacekeeping and Peace. British Journal of Political Science, 51(4), 1705–1722. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000712342000023X ​


Fredsoperasjoners skyggesider

Beber, B., Gilligan, M. J., Guardado, J., & Karim, S. (2017). Peacekeeping, Compliance with International Norms, and Transactional Sex in Monrovia, Liberia. International Organization, 71(1), 1–30. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44651929

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Beber, B., Gilligan, M. J., Guardado, J., & Karim, S. (2019). The promise and peril of peacekeeping economies. International Studies Quarterly, 63(2), 364–379. https://doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqz012


Bell, S. R., Flynn, M. E., & Martinez Machain, C. (2018). U.N. peacekeeping forces and the demand for sex trafficking. International Studies Quarterly, 62(3), 643–655. https://doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqy017

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Cunliffe, P. (2012). Still the Spectre at the Feast: Comparisons between Peacekeeping and Imperialism in Peacekeeping Studies Today. International Peacekeeping, 19(4), 426–442. https://doi.org/10.1080/13533312.2012.709751

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Jennings, K. M., & Bøås, M. (2015). Transactions and Interactions: Everyday Life in the Peacekeeping Economy. Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, 9(3), 281–295. https://doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2015.1070022

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Jennings, K. M. (2018). Peacekeeping as Enterprise: Transaction, Consumption, and the Political Economy of Peace and Peacekeeping. Civil Wars, 20(2), 238–261. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698249.2018.1483124

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Lee, S., & Bartels, S. (2019). ‘They Put a Few Coins in Your Hand to Drop a Baby in You’: A Study of Peacekeeper-fathered Children in Haiti. International Peacekeeping, 27(2), 177–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/13533312.2019.1698297

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Nordås, R., & Rustad, S. C. A. (2013). Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by Peacekeepers: Understanding Variation. International Interactions, 39(4), 511–534. https://doi.org/10.1080/03050629.2013.805128

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Pugh, M. (2004). Peacekeeping and critical theory. International Peacekeeping, 11(1), 39–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/1353331042000228445

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Smith, C. A., & Smith, H. M. (2010). Human Trafficking: The Unintended Effects of United Nations Intervention. International Political Science Review, 32(2), 125-145. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512110371240

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